mahmoud darwish”

â  â  significance of taking notice of pronouns in the selected poems of “mahmoud darwish” â  â  â  â  fatemeh lotfigoodarzi * â  pabiyah bent alhaj maming ** â  â  abstract â â â  eltifat is one of the most prominent artistic techniques that impressively drew the attention of the old and modern poets. this rhetorical style bestows richness to texts and contributes to avoiding direct addressing. therefore, this study deals with the aesthetics of pronouns, eltifat, in mahmoud darwaish’s collections, “it's a song. it’s a song”, “eleven planets and “the fence”. pronouns and verbs are not always used for what they are meant in language usage. the purpose of studying and analyzing this text is to understand this concept and clearly illustrate the meaning behind it through its components and also by indulging into its profound language secrets, interpreting its syntactic structure, figuring out the relations of meanings and words and to project possible faces of the text away from its direct interpretation. eltifat in his poetry relies on one or two sentences or even three to maximum ten sentences regardless of the number of lines. the researchers illustrate the meaning of the term “eltifat” trying to find a synonymous word in the arabic language heritage following a statistical and analytic method in order to illuminate the uniqueness of employing eltifat in the traditional poem and its equivalent in modern poems. this was carried out by analyzing eltifat and its employment in the arabic poem generally to reach the aesthetic aspect of pronouns in all the three collections of this arabic poet' mahmoud darwaish. the most considerable finding of this study is exaggeration, permit, customization, the alert the recipient. â  â  keywords : pronouns ’ purposes, eltifat, significance â * phd student in arabic language and literature, e-mail: [email protected] â ** assistant professor, univercity putra malaysiya